Psychological Markers of Suicides in Military Service DuringWartime: A Contemporary Example

To determine the types of suicidal activity of Ukrainian military personnel who took part in hostilities in 2014-2016 in the War in the East of Ukraine. The materials of the post-mortem pathopsychological research of the Ukrainian military personnel who participated in hostilities and committed suicide in the interval 2014-2016 were analyzed. Psychodiagnostical data of suicides was used according to the following methodologies: R. Cattell’s 16-factor Questionnaire, “Suicidal Risk Questionnaire”, “Determining the Type of Accentuation of Character Traits and Temperament”, “Adaptability”. Cluster analysis was used to identify the personality types of the military personnel who committed suicide. It was revealed that the increase in suicides occurred at the expense of professionally nd psychologically unprepared military who signed the first contract, as well as conscripted during martial law period, volunteers. It was found out that all suicides originated from destructive families, that had problems in civilian life. Combat psychological trauma followed by alcohol use provoked suicides in the period of early adaptation to combat conditions. “Demonstratively-exalted” type of suicidal activity, allowed determining that suicides in the period 2014-2016 were associated with a violation of adaptation to combat conditions, as-well-as the inability to compensate adequately the accentuated character traits formed in civilian life (AU)

CONTRIBUTION OF THE G1691A ALLELE CARRYING OF THE COAGULATION FACTOR V GENE TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THROMBOSES IN RADIATION-EXPOSED PATIENTS WITH REACTIVE CHANGES IN PERIPHERAL BLOOD. / VNESOK NOSIISTVA ALEL'NOGO VARIANTA G1691A GENA V FAKTORU KOAGULIaTsIÏ V ROZVYTOK TROMBOTYChNYKh USKLADNEN' V OSIB Z REAKTYVNYMY ZMINAMY U PERYFERIINII KROVI, ShchO ZAZNALY RADIATsIINOGO OPROMINENNIa.

Thrombosis triggers, in addition to «classic¼ risk factors (RFs) of cardiovascular events, includes the reactive changesof peripheral blood (RCPB), markers of the hereditary thrombophilia and radiation anamnesis. However, results ofmost studies suggest the «classic¼ RFs are able to neutralize the prothrombogenic potential of the hereditary thrombophilia and other, less powerful predictors of thrombosis. OBJECTIVE: to determine the influence of the G1691A allele of the proaccelerin gene carrying to the thrombosis development, taking into account the vascular type of their occurrence, the presence of RFs in individuals with RCPB (reactive leukocytosis and thrombocytosis, and secondary erythrocytosis), as well as with and without radiation anamnesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In general, it was analyzed the results of clinical and molecular-genetic data of 152 patientswith RCPB, 19 patients had radiation anamnesis, 133 - did not have. The thrombotic complications were detected in5 (26.31 %) of radiation-exposer patients and 25 (18.79 %) patients without radiation anamneses. The carrying ofthe G1691A allele proaccelerin gene (APG) (Leiden mutation (LM)) was detected using the allele-specific polymerasechain reaction. RESULTS: The LM was found in 5.9 % (9 carriers) of the general cohort (GC) of RPBC patients. There were no differencein the LM frequency between the groups of patients with and without radiation anamnesis (р = 0.312). In the groupof radiation-exposer patients (р = 0.017), as well as in the group without its (р = 0.031), venous thromboses only weremore frequently in the LM carriers. In the presence of a radiation anamnesis, G1691A APG carriers with RFs have thehigher frequency (р = 0.008) and the probability of the occurrence (relative risk [RR] = 25.00; CI 95 %: 1.56-399.68)of venous thrombosis. In the group without radiation anamnesis, the frequency of venues thrombosis in the LMcarriers is higher in the younger age subgroup (р = 0.001), without RFs (p = 0.044) and without RFs under 60 years(р = 0.023). The risk of venous thrombosis in the G1691A APG carriers of the group without radiation anamnesis is5.78 (95 % CI: 1.58-21.13). In LM carriers without radiation anamnesis and RFs, as well as under the 60 years of age,the probability of venous thrombosis was 6.85 (95 % CI: 1.86-25.22) and 19.40 (95 % CI: 4.64-81.09), respectively,and in the absence of both criteria - 9.57 (95 % CI: 2.49-36.73). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with and without radiation anamnesis, the risk of venues thrombosis are observed moreoften in carriers of LM. The carrying of the G1691A APG in patients with RPBC and without RA increased the risk ofvenues thrombosis development in subjects without FRs and below 60 years of age. In the radiation-exposure group,the frequency and the risk of venues thrombosis in the G1691A APG carriers was higher in the subgroup with RFs. It isprobably due to the peculiarity of the samples, or prothrombogenic interaction between LM and radiation-associated endothelial damage.

Crystal structures and RNA-binding properties of Lsm proteins from archaea Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and Methanococcus vannielii: Similarity and difference of the U-binding mode.

Sm and Sm-like (Lsm) proteins are considered as an evolutionary conserved family involved in RNA metabolism in organisms from bacteria and archaea to human. Currently, the function of Sm-like archaeal proteins (SmAP) is not well understood. Here, we report the crystal structures of SmAP proteins from Sulfolobus acidocaldarius and Methanococcus vannielii and a comparative analysis of their RNA-binding sites. Our data show that these SmAPs have only a uridine-specific RNA-binding site, unlike their bacterial homolog Hfq, which has three different RNA-binding sites. Moreover, variations in the amino acid composition of the U-binding sites of the two SmAPs lead to a difference in protein affinity for oligo(U) RNA. Surface plasmon resonance data and nucleotide-binding analysis confirm the high affinity of SmAPs for uridine nucleotides and oligo(U) RNA and the reduced affinity for adenines, guanines, cytidines and corresponding oligo-RNAs. In addition, we demonstrate that MvaSmAP1 and SacSmAP2 are capable of melting an RNA hairpin and, apparently, promote its interaction with complementary RNA.

Perfect Hemihedral Twinning in Crystals of the γ-Subunit of Translation Initiation Factor 2 from Sulfolobus solfataricus: Cause and Effect.

The crystal structure of the γ-subunit of translation initiation factor 2 from the archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus (SsoIF2γ) has been solved based on perfectly hemihedral twinned data. The protein was cocrystallized with the 10-fold molar excess of GTP analog (GDPCP) over protein. However, no nucleotide was found in the structure, and the model demonstrated the apo form of the protein. Two slightly different molecules in the asymmetric unit of the crystal are related by the non-crystallographic 2-fold axis and form a tightly associated dimer. This dimer is stabilized by an intermolecular hydrophobic core and hydrogen bonds. Lack of GDPCP in the nucleotide-binding pocket of the γ-subunit and significant excess of dimers over monomers in the crystallization solution suggest that these dimers are the building blocks of the crystal. Contrary to SsoIF2γ monomers, these dimers are able to crystallize in two oppositely oriented slightly different crystal domains, thus forming a twinned crystal. Comparison of crystallization conditions for the twinned and untwinned crystals of apo SsoIF2γ showed that stabilization of the dimers in the solution may be caused by higher sodium salt concentration. Since amino acid residues involved in intermolecular contacts in the dimer are responsible for binding of the γ- and α-subunits within SsoIF2, increase in sodium salt concentration may prevent functioning of SsoIF2 in the cell.

[Determination of the Minimal Fragment of the Poliovirus IRES Necessary for the Formation of a Specific Complex with the Human Glycyl-tRNA Synthetase].

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are an ancient enzyme family that specifically charge a tRNA molecule with a cognate amino acid required for protein synthesis. Glycyl-tRNA synthetase is one of the most interesting aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases due to its structure variability and functional features in the different organisms. It was shown recently that human glycyl-tRNA synthetase is a regulator of translational initiation of poliovirus mRNA. Details of this process and its mechanism still remain unknown. While exploring this stage of poliovirus functioning we have studied the interaction of the cytoplasmic form of human glycyl-tRNA synthetase and its domains with the fragments of the poliovirus IRES element. As a result, we have identified the minimal fragment of viral mRNA with which glycyl-tRNA synthetase fully interacts and estimated the contribution of some domains to the interaction of glycyl-tRNA synthetase with RNA.

On assessment of exposure to noise in crew members of civil aviation aircrafts.

The article deals with current and prospective documents on assessment of exposure to noisein crew.members of civil aviation aircrafts. The authors suggestedto complete a method calculatingacoustic loadwith correction indexes for uncertainity of measurements concerning noise inside the cabin, for underestimation of noise levels in forced flight regime, forincreased radio talks and active listening time, and for, acoustic efficiency of avia-headsets.

The phospho-c-Jun (Ser63) content in mucosa cells under experimental development of gastric cancer.

AIM: The aim of the study was to determine the phosphorylated c-Jun content and reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio in gastric mucosa cells during the process of gastric cancer development in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gastric carcinoge-nesis was initiated in 80 white male rats by 10-week replacement of drinking water with 0.01% solution of N-methyl-N´-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, at the same time they were redefined on diet containing 5% NaCl. Then the animals were fed with standard vivarium diet till the end of 24(th) week. The gastric mucosa cells were examined at the end of 4(th), 6(th), 8(th), 10(th), 12(th), 18(th), and 24(th) weeks. Sandwich ELISA method was used to determine the content of phospho-c-Jun. The contents of GSH and GSSG were analyzed by spectrofluorymetric method with the use of orthophthalic aldehyde. RESULTS: At the end of 6(th), 8(th), 10(th) weeks of MNNG and NaCl treatment the gastric mucosa cells were characterized by 4-, 6.3-, 1.9-fold higher content of phospho-c-Jun compared to the control, respectively, and 12, 18 and 24 weeks there was registered a stable increase of phospho-c-Jun content on the average at 3.6-fold compared to control values. Starting from 6(th) week of gastric cancer development an average decrease of GSH/GSSG was 3.4-fold compared with the control. CONCLUSION: During gastric carcinogenesis there was registered the decrease of GSH/GSSG ratio and increased level of phosphorylated c-Jun what points on MAP-kinase cascade activation in prooxidant conditions.

[Vibroacoustic factors hygienic regulation principles in Russia and abroad evolution and succession].

Brief historical summary about Institute' vibroacoustic factors investigations development in the XXth century is presented. There are shown the data of noise, vibration, ultra- and infrasound hygienic rating in comparison with international approaches; the ways of its international harmonization in modern social and economic situation are selected.

[Criteria to evaluate hearing disorders under exposure to noise: comparative analysis of national and foreign methodic approaches].

Comparative analysis covered national and foreign criteria and methodic approaches to evaluation of hearing disorders due to noise exposure. Ways to improve these criteria and approaches are suggested, also in aim to harmonize them with the foreign ones.

[Effect of different calcium hypochlorite concentrations on the survival of potentially pathogenic microorganisms isolated from Baikal Lake].

The survival rate of bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas and Enterococcus isolated from Baikal Lake, exposed to different concentration of calcium hypochlorite used as a main agent for drinking water disinfection, was studied. Experimental studies have shown that chlorination was imperfect as this method is not always effective against Enterococci.

[Comprehensive hygienic assessment of solaria].

The paper gives data on the positive and negative effects of human exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR). It provides the hygienic characteristics of solaria used to produce an artificial tan. This device has been found to present a high health risk to its users. There are considerable problems in the hygienic assessment of this type of exposure. The ways of solving the arising problems in developing the metrological monitoring of UVR and compiling a document regulating the sanitary-and-epidemiological surveillance of solaria are defined.

[Contemporary hygienic regulation of industrial vibration: harmonizing national and foreign approaches].

The authors compared approaches to vibration safety regulations, presented by new Russian Federal governmental standards, international standards and rules from one hand, and by Russian Federal Sanitary Regulation documents from the other hand. Main directions to improve hygienic regulation of occupational vibration in new technical regulation system are determined.

[Phospholipid content of plasma membranes and phospholipase C activity in epithelial cells of the large intestine in colitis-associated carcinogenesis in rats].

The decrease of major cytoplasmic membrane phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine) content was established in mucosal epithelial cell under colon inflammation pathology--ulcerative colitis. It was shown that aforementioned changes were associated with the increase of phospholipids' hydrolyzing enzyme--phospholipase C activity and intracellular Ca2+ concentration enlargement. Carcinogenesis stimulation under inflammation was accompanied by phospholipase C activity increase when quantity of investigated phospholipids (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinozytol, phosphatidylserine) separately decreased and cytoplasmic Ca2+ value normalization was established.

[Evaluation of sanitary-and-epidemiological safety of medical wares].

The medical personnel operating currently available medical equipment can be exposed to physical factors. To prevent the adverse consequences of these exposures, medical equipment undergoes sanitary-and-epidemiological examination, resulting in the drawing up of a sanitary-and-epidemiological report. For regulation of this procedure, a management directive has been worked out, which determines an examination procedure, a hygienic classification of medical equipment, allowable values for controlled safety indices during operation, etc. Introduction of the directive makes it possible to upgrade the quality of sanitary-and-epidemiological equipment audit, to improve working conditions, and to keep health in the personnel operating the present-day high-technology equipment.

Three-dimensional structures of L-asparaginase from Erwinia carotovora complexed with aspartate and glutamate.

The crystal structures of Erwinia carotovora L-asparaginase complexed with L-aspartate and L-glutamate were determined at 1.9 and 2.2 A, respectively, using the molecular-replacement method and were refined to R factors of about 21% in both cases. The positions of the ligands in the active site were located. A comparison of the new structures with the known structures of Escherichia coli L-asparaginase and Er. chrysanthemi L-asparaginase was performed. It was found that the arrangement of the ligands practically coincides in all three enzymes. The peculiarities of the quaternary structure of the enzyme, the possible role of water molecules in the enzyme action and the conformational changes during the catalyzed reaction are discussed.

[Ultraviolet rays: problems of hygienic evaluation of the sources and regulation of the effects].

The article presents characteristics of ultraviolet rays sources used for prevention, treatment and for tanning. Difficulties in hygienic evaluation of goods are revealed. The authors defined ways to solve this problem--specify metrological support for supervision, create regulation document on sanitary and hygienic evaluation of ultraviolet rays sources.

[Issues of provision of the safety of laserwares in the use of nanotechnologies].

Current technologies, including nanotechnologies, cannot be introduced, without applying laser equipment. For provision of the safety in the manufacture and use of up-to-date laser equipment that is characterized by new, previously unused wavelengths and exposure levels, it is necessary to develop the hygienic regulation of the arrangement and maintenance of lasers, to improve approaches to making their sanitary-and-epidemiological examination and manufacturing inspection, to design measuring instruments that permit an objective assessment of new types of laser exposures, and to develop the current means for protecting the organ of vision in service personnel.

[Contemporary hygienic requirements to work conditions of medical professionals performing ultrasound investigations].

The article covers work conditions and health state of medical professionals performing ultrasound investigations on modern medical diagnostic equipment. The authors suggest a guidelines project including complex of measures to prevent unfavorable influence of contact ultrasound on medical professionals.